Cattle Feed Resource, Water Sources and Housing System in the Central Rift Valley of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Aman Gudeto
Adami Tulu Agriculture Research Center, Ethiopia
Sandip Banerjee
College of Agriculture Science and Technology, India
Tadele Mirkena
Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nation (FAO), Addis Ababa
Tesfaye Alemu Tucho
Adami Tulu Agriculture Research Center, Ethiopia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36956/njas.v3i1.140
Copyright and Licensing
The authors shall retain the copyright of their work but allow the Publisher to publish, copy, distribute, and convey the work.
NASS Journal of Agricultural Sciences publishes accepted manuscripts under Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Authors who submit their papers for publication by NASS Journal of Agricultural Sciences agree to have the CC BY-NC 4.0 license applied to their work, and that anyone is allowed to reuse the article or part of it free of charge for non-commercia. As long as you follow the license terms and original source is properly cited, anyone may copy, redistribute the material in any medium or format, remix, transform, and build upon the material.
Reproducing Published Material from other Publishers
It is absolutely essential that authors obtain permission to reproduce any published material (figures, tables or any extract of a text) which does not fall into the public domain, or for which they do not hold the copyright. Permission should be requested by the authors from the copyright holder. In order to avoid unnecessary delays in the publication process, you should start obtaining permissions as early as possible. If in any doubt about the copyright, apply for permission. The journal cannot publish material from other publications without permission.
In exceptional circumstances articles may be licensed differently. If you have specific condition (such as one linked to funding) that does not allow this license, please mention this to the editorial office of the journal at submission. Exceptions will be granted at the discretion of the publisher.
Abstract
The study was conducted in Adami Tulu Jidokombolcha (ATJK), Bora, Dodola, Shala and Negele-Arsi districts with objective to assess main cattle feed resources, water sources and housing systems. A pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to conduct survey. About 240 respondents were identified using random sampling techniques. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software (Ver. 24). Study result indicates that household in average had three hectares of land and allocated about two hectares of land for crop cultivation. Most respondents reported that cattle herding is not common during dry season while it is common during wet season. Survey result indicate that natural pasture, weed and maize tiller and stored crop residues are main feed resources in wet season while crop after math, crop residue and fodder trees are main resources during dry season. Brackish, local mineral and common salt are mineral sources for cattle in study areas. Lake, river and boreholes are important water sources in dry season where as ponds and rivers are main water sources during wet season for their cattle. The observed cattle watering frequency is mainly once a day. Housing system practiced in the study areas is mainly Kraal. The information generated from this study on land size per household, cattle herding system, feed resources, mineral sources, water sources, water utilization and housing type can be used as a baseline for any livestock development programs in those and similar areas.
Keywords: Cattle, Water, Mineral sources, Feed resources, Housing system, Central rift valley
References
[1] Melaku T. Oxenization versus Tractorization: Options and Constraints for Ethiopian Framing System. Int. J. Sustainab. Agric., 2011, 3(1): 11-20.
[2] Ayalew H, Tamru G, Abebe D. Beef Cattle Fattening Practices and Marketing Systems in Gondar Town, Amhara, Ethiopia. J Vet Sci Technol., 2018, 9:555.DOI: 10.4172/2157-7579.1000555
[3] Ayeneshet B, Abera M and Wondifraw Z. Reproductive and Productive Performance of Indigenous Dairy Cows under Smallholder Farmers Management System in North. Journal of Fisheries & Livestock Production, 2018, 6(1): 261. ISSN: 2332-2608
[4] Andualem Tonamo. A review on cattle husbandry practices in Ethiopia. International Journal of Livestock Production, 2015, 7(2): 5-11, February 2016 DOI: 10.5897/IJLP2015.0276
[5] Zewdie Wondatir, Yoseph Mekasha. Feed resources availability and livestock production in the central rift valley of Ethiopia. International Journal of Livestock Production, 2014, 5(2): 30-35.
[6] Assemu Tesfa, Shigdaf Mekuriaw. The Effect of Land Degradation on Farm Size Dynamics and Crop-Livestock Farming System in Ethiopia: A Review. Open Journal of Soil Science, 2014, 4: 1-5
[7] Tsedeke K. Production and Marketing Systems of sheep and goats in Alaba, southern Ethiopia. MSc Thesis. University of Hawassa. Hwassa, Ethiopia,2007.
[8] Belay Duguma, Azage Tegegne, B.P. Hegde. Smallholder Livestock Production System in Dandi District, Oromia Regional State, Central Ethiopia.Global Veterinaria, 2012, 8 (5): 472-479, 2012.
[9] ISSN: 1992-6197
[10] Kebede H. Jimma A. Getiso A., Zelke B. Characterization of Gofa cattle production system, Production and Reproduction performances in southern Ethiopia. Journal Fisheries and Livestock production,2017, 5(3): 237. ISSN: 2332-2608.
[11] Mengistu Lemma, Tegene Negesse, Ajebu Nurfeta. Assessment of Feed Resource Availability and Quality in Kedida Gamela District, Southern Ethiopia. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology . (IJEAB), 2016, 1(1). ISSN: 2456-1878
[12] Gashaw Tenna Alemu, Zewdu Berhanie Ayele, Assefa Abelieneh Berhanu. Effects of Land Fragmentation on Productivity in North western Ethiopia. Hindawi Advances in Agriculture, 2017, 1: 1-9.
[13] Emana Megersa Mamo, Ashenafi Mengistu and Getahun Asebe. Opportunity and Constraints of Livestock Feed Resources in Abol and Lare Districts of Gambella Region, Ethiopia. International Journal of Nutrition and food science, 2017. ISSN: 2474-767x
[14] Tadesse Amsalu, Solomon Addisu. Assessment of Grazing Land and Livestock Feed Balance in Gummara-Rib Watershed, Ethiopia. Current Agriculture Research Journal, 2014, 2(2): 114-122.
[15] Tschopp R, Aseffa A, Schelling E, Zinsstang J.Farmers’ perceptions of livestock, agriculture, and natural resources in the rural Ethiopian. International Mt. Res. Dev., 2010, 30(4): 381-390.
[16] Alemayehu Mengistu, Gezahagn Kebede, Fekede Feyissa, Getnet Assefa. Review on Major Feed Resources in Ethiopia. Academic Research Journals, 2017, 5(3): 176-185.
[17] Zewdu Edea. Characterization of Bonga and Horroindigenous sheep breeds of smallholders for designing community based breeding strategies in Ethiopia. MSc. Thesis. Haramaya University.Ethiopia,
[18] : 125.
[19] Belay Zeleke, Minale Getachew. Traditional Cattle Husbandry Practice in Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Western Ethiopia. International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences, 2017, 4(5): 1-7.
[20] Teshager, A., Belay, D., Taye, T. Smallholder Cattle Production Systems in Three Districts of Ilu Aba Bora Zone of Oromia Regional State, South Western Ethiopia. American-Eurasian Journal of Scientific Research, 2013, 8(1): 38-46.
[21] Sefa Salo. Estimation of Feeds and Fodders for Livestock Population of Ethiopia and Mitigation of Feed Shortage. Journal of Natural Science Research, 2017, 7(11): 45-51.
[22] Lanyasunya, T.P. Wamae, L.W. Musa, H.H. Olowofeso O., Lokwaleput. I.K. The Risk of Mycotoxins Contamination of Dairy Feed and Milk on Smallholder Dairy Farms in Kenya. Journal of Nutrition,
[23] , 4 (3): 162-169.
[24] Tamrat Gebiso. Livestock production system characterization in Arsi Zone, Ethiopia Tamrat Gebiso Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Asella Agricultural Engineering Research Center, Ethiopia,2018, 9(9): 238-245.
[25] Getachew Kassa, Almaz Bekele, Tewodros Eshete, Kasahun Bekele. Assessment of Beef Cattle Husbandry Practices in North Shoa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Dairy and Vet Sci J., 2019, 12(1):
[26] DOI: 10.19080/JDVS.2019.12.555827
[27] Muluken Zeleke, Yisehak Kechero and Mohammed Y. Kurtu. Practice of Local Mineral Supplementation to Livestock’s and Perception of Farmer’s in Humbo Woreda. Global Veterinaria 2016, 17 (2):
[28] -12
[29] Endale Yadessa. Assessment of Feed Resources and Determination of Mineral Status of Livestock Feed in Meta Robi District, West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia MSc. Thesis. Ambo University, Ethiopia, 2015: 122.
[30] Tewodros Alemneh, Mebrate Getabalew. Beef Cattle Production Systems, Challenges and Opportunities in Ethiopia. JOJ Pub Health. 2019, 5(1):555651.DOI: 10.19080/JOJPH.2019.05.555651
[31] Amenu K. Assessment of water sources and quality for livestock and farmers in the Rift Valley area of Ethiopia: PhD thesis. Hohenheim, Germany: University of Hohenheim, Accessed date April, 2018.http://hdl.handle.net/10568/33761
[32] Divers, Thomas and Simon Peek C. 2008. Rebhwris Disease of Dairy cattle, 2nd edition.
[33] Oumer Sheriff, Wendimu Bireda. On-farm characterization of indigenous cattle populations in Metekal Zone, Benishangl Gumuz region. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences, 2016,
[34] (8): 227-232
[35] Tsegay Lijalem, Agengew Asefa, Ashenafi Sharo.Dairy Cattle Production at Small Holder Level in Sidama Zone Selected Districts, Southern Ethiopia. Food Science and Quality Management, 2015, 40.
[36] ISSN: 2224-6088 (Paper) ISSN: 2225-0557 (Online)